What to Know Before LASIK Surgery

What to Know Before LASIK Surgery: A Comprehensive Guide
 
LASIK (Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis) surgery is one of the most popular and effective procedures for correcting vision problems like nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. If you’re considering LASIK, it’s important to fully understand what the procedure entails, how to prepare for it, and what to expect during recovery. This article will guide you through essential information to help you make an informed decision.
 
1. What is LASIK Surgery?
 
LASIK is a refractive eye surgery that uses a laser to reshape the cornea, improving how light enters the eye and ultimately enhancing vision. It’s primarily used to reduce dependency on glasses or contact lenses.
 
2. Eligibility Criteria
 
Not everyone is a candidate for LASIK surgery. The ideal candidate should:
  •         Be at least 18 years old.
  •         Have a stable prescription for at least one year.
  •         Have healthy eyes, free from conditions like cataracts, glaucoma, or severe dry eye.
  •         Have a cornea thick enough to withstand the procedure.
 
During a pre-surgical consultation, your eye doctor will perform several tests to determine if you’re a good candidate for LASIK.
 
3. Pre-Surgery Considerations
 
Before your surgery, there are a few things to keep in mind:
  •         Consultation and Assessment: You’ll undergo a thorough eye exam, which includes measuring your cornea’s shape and thickness, evaluating your pupil size, and checking for any underlying eye conditions.
  •         Discontinue Contacts: If you wear contact lenses, your eye doctor may recommend that you stop wearing them for a few weeks prior to the exam. Contacts can alter the shape of your cornea, affecting the exam results.
  •         Medications and Health History: Inform your surgeon about any medications you’re currently taking, especially if you have conditions like autoimmune diseases, which can affect healing.
  •         Arrange for Post-Surgery Transport: LASIK is typically an outpatient procedure, but since you’ll be sedated and your vision may be blurry immediately afterward, arrange for a friend or family member to drive you home.
 
4. What to Expect During the Procedure
 
LASIK surgery is relatively quick, typically taking 10-15 minutes per eye. Here’s what happens:
  •         Anesthesia: Numbing eye drops are applied to ensure you don’t feel pain during the surgery.
  •         Corneal Flap Creation: A small flap is created on the surface of the cornea using either a microkeratome (a surgical blade) or a femtosecond laser. This flap is lifted to expose the underlying tissue.
  •         Laser Reshaping: A laser is used to precisely reshape the cornea, allowing light to focus more accurately on the retina.
  •         Flap Repositioning: After the reshaping, the corneal flap is placed back into position, where it naturally adheres without stitches.
 
5. Risks and Complications
 
Though LASIK is considered safe, like any surgery, it carries some risks. Potential complications include:
  •         Dry Eyes: Many patients experience dry eyes after LASIK, which typically improves within a few months.
  •         Under- or Over-correction: The laser might not correct your vision fully, requiring a follow-up procedure or glasses for some tasks.
  •         Glare, Halos, and Night Vision Issues: Some patients notice visual disturbances, especially at night.
  •         Infection or Inflammation: Though rare, infection and inflammation are possible post-surgery complications.
 
Discuss any concerns with your surgeon to assess the risks in your case.
 
6. Post-Surgery Care
 
After LASIK, recovery is typically quick, but it’s important to follow your surgeon’s instructions for optimal healing. Common post-surgery instructions include:
  •         Resting Your Eyes: You’ll likely be asked to rest for the first 24 hours after surgery. Avoid reading, watching TV, or using digital devices excessively.
  •         Eye Drops: Use prescribed lubricating and anti-inflammatory eye drops to prevent dryness and reduce inflammation.
  •         Avoiding Eye Rubbing: Rubbing your eyes could dislodge the corneal flap, leading to complications.
  •         Follow-Up Visits: Regular follow-up appointments are essential to monitor healing and ensure your vision is progressing.
 
Most patients can resume normal activities within a day or two, but it may take a few weeks for your vision to fully stabilize.
 
7. Long-Term Outlook
 
LASIK surgery can provide long-term vision improvement, but it’s important to note that it doesn’t stop age-related changes like presbyopia, which affects near vision around age 40. In some cases, patients may need reading glasses later in life.
 
Conclusion
 
LASIK is a safe and effective procedure for many people looking to reduce their dependence on glasses or contact lenses. However, it’s essential to thoroughly research the procedure, have realistic expectations, and work closely with your eye surgeon to determine if LASIK is right for you. If you meet the criteria and are prepared for the recovery process, LASIK can offer long-term vision improvements and a new level of freedom in your daily life.